Gloss and Roughness Produced by Polishing Kits on Composite Resins

Smoothness of composite resin affects plaque retention while gloss imparts a natural luster to the restoration.

OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study compared the surface roughness (Ra) and gloss produced by three conventional and one experimental polishing kit on four composite resins.

METHODS: 24 discs were prepared (d=12mm, t=4mm) for each composite resin (Filtek Supreme Plus Body/A2 [FS], Yellow translucent/ 3M ESPE [FY], Heliomolar/A2/ Ivoclar Vivadent [HM], and EsthetX/A2/Dentsply [EX]) following the manufacturer's instructions. They were finished with 320 grit silicon carbide paper for 80s each. Polishing systems (Sof-Lex/3M ESPE[S], Enhance then Pogo/L. D. Caulk[P], Astropol/ Ivoclar Vivadent[A], Experimental Discs/3M ESPE[E]) were used following manufacturer's instruction with total controlled time of 60s using handpiece at 10,000 rpm. The temperature and humidity were recorded 30±5 C and %45±5, respectively. Each specimen was ultrasonically cleaned (BRANSON 1200, CT, USA) for 5 min, rinsed with boiled distilled water for 5s and dried with soft glass wipe. Gloss and Ra of specimens were measured with a small area gloss meter (Novo-curve, Rhopoint Instrument Ltd, UK) and non-contact profilometer (Proscan 2000, Scantron Industrial Products Ltd, England) following ISO 4288, respectively. The results were evaluated by one and two-way ANOVA followed by TUKEY/KRAMER test (P<0.05).

RESULTS: Mean± SD

	HM-A	HM-E	HM-P	HM-S	FY-A	FY-E	FY-P	FY-S
Ra	0.24±0.05	0.16±0.02	0.23±0.05	0.25±0.03	0.18±0.01	0.13±0.02	0.14±0.01	0.22±0.01
G	71.6±3	83.1±2	87.7±2	72.1±3	83.6±2	78.4±1	85.5±1	73±4
	EX-A	EX-E	EX-P	EX-S	FS-A	FS-E	FS-P	FS-S
Ra	0.39±0.06	0.18±0.03	0.25±0.03	0.42±0.03	0.33±0.05	0.15±0.02	0.23±0.03	0.42±0.06
G	49.8±3	81.8±2	82.1±2	43.2±2	71.3±2	91.8±2	87.7±2	54.6±2

CONCLUSION: The experimental composite resin polishing discs produced a significantly lower Ra than the other polishing systems (p<.05). The experimental and Enhance-POGO polishing kits produced significantly higher gloss than the Astropol polishing system. The experimental polishing system produced good results. Supported in part by 3M ESPE.