Cadaveric Specimen Analysis of Hydroxyapatite Particulates, Bone, and Subperiosteal Implants

Introduction:

Subperiosteal implants continue to be utilized by some dental surgeons for the treatment of edentulous patients. A wide range of bone grafting biomaterials are also utilized in these surgeries.

Materials and Methods:

Three cadaveric human mandibles with subperiosteal implants and hydroxyapatite particulate, each about 11 years in-vivo, were processed for plastic processing (IRB # X050823001), and Exakt® system thin-sectioning was preformed. The sections were stained, and multiple sections were examined by microscopy and Bioquant® analysis.

Results:

Extensive bone remodeling was observed and the HA particulate was positioned within the bone and under the subperiosteal implant components. The particulate was integrated into the trabecular bone with struts of bone joining with other particulate and positioned to support forces from the implant. Some of the particulate demonstrated surface scalloping identified with oesteoclastic bone remodeling. Bone was well integrated along the subperiosteal implant struts with associated cortical remodeling at positions adjacent to the metallic structures.

Discussion:

These studies are continuing to include more specimens and more quantitative analysis.

Conclusions:

Hydroxyapatite particulate can aid in bone remodeling.