The Effects of Root-End Filling Materials on CELL Attachment

Objectives: This study investigated the biocompatibility of six different root-end filling materials using cell attachment as a measure of biocompatibility. Methods: Root slices were used (apical third), in which class I retrograde cavities of similar size were prepared. These cavities were filled with the test materials, and incubated with Balb/C 3T3 fibroblasts for 24 hours. Root slices with the cavities left empty served as the controls. The root slices were then processed for scanning electron microscopy, and viewed to collect descriptive data on the quality of cellular attachment by observing the shape of cells, spread, and membrane outline. Results: The best cellular attachment was observed with the surfaces of MTA and Geristore: cells were spindle shaped and well attached, with projections of lamellipodia, filopodia, blebs, and microvilli from their surfaces, thus reflecting good attachment to the material. Fibroblasts also attached well to the surface of IRM and Super EBA but the surfaces of KetacFil and Retroplast showed the least cellular attachment. Conclusion: Fibroblast attachment is an essential requirement for the formation of a new attachment apparatus to root surfaces following endodontic surgery. The current study demonstrated a variation in cellular attachment to different root-end filling materials with the best cellular attachment to the surfaces of MTA and Geristore.