Influence of proportion of autogenous bone/platelet-rich plasma on bone healing

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to histomorphometrically analyze the influence of the proportion of particulate autogenous bone (AB) graft / platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on bone healing in surgically created critical-size defects (CSD) in rat calvaria.

Methods: 50 rats were divided into 5 groups: Group C (control), Group AB, Group AB/PRP-50, Group AB/PRP-100 and Group AB/PRP-150. A 5 mm diameter critical-size defect was created in the calvarium of each animal. In Group C the defect was filled by blood clot only. In Group AB the defect was filled with 0.01 ml of AB graft. In Groups AB/PRP-50, AB/PRP-100 and AB/PRP-150 the defects were filled with 0.01 ml of AB graft combined with 50, 100 and 150 µl of PRP, respectively. All animals were euthanized at 30 days post-operative. Histometric, using image analysis software, and histologic analyses were performed. Amount of new bone was calculated as a percentage of the total area of the original defect. Percentage data were transformed into arccosine for statistical analysis (ANOVA, Tukey, p<0.05).

Results: No defect completely regenerated with bone. Group AB/PRP-50 (60.27% ± 8.04%) had a statistically greater amount of bone formation than Groups C (19.29% ± 5.11%), AB (49.93% ± 7.01%) or AB/PRP-150 (47.59% ± 9.07%). No statistically significant differences were observed between groups AB/PRP-50 and AB/PRP-100 nor between groups AB, AB/PRPR-100 and AB/PRP-150.

Conclusions: The proportion AB graft / PRP influences bone healing in surgically created CSD in rat calvaria. Natália M. Pola received a scholarship from FAPESP (Proc. 06/58093-0).