The Persian Version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14)

Background: The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is an instrument that investigates oral health related quality of life and popular for measuring subjective oral health status. Objective: To validate and adapt the shortened 14 item OHIP for native Persian (Farsi) speakers and to test it for validity and reliability. Methods: The OHIP-14 was translated to Persian (OHIP-P), followed by back-translation into English, after which the Persian version was modified. The questionnaire was administered to native Persian speaking clients at a university-based dental clinic in Tehran, Iran (n = 240, 123 female and 117 male, mean age 38.6 ± 15.04). Convergent validity was examined by analyzing the association of OHIP-P with both self-rated general and oral health. Discriminative validity of OHIP was tested by analysing its association with the experience of pain and satisfaction with oral health. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by administering the instrument to 37 patients a second time. The internal consistency and reliability were analyzed using Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and the Cronbach's reliability coefficient respectively. Results: The associations between both subscales of self-reported general (rho 0.38-0.52) and oral health (rho 0.25-0.45) and additive OHIP-P subscale confirmed convergent validity. Discriminative validity was confirmed through the significance relationship between the experience of pain and the response to OHIP-P (P < 0.001). The instruments' responsiveness, test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.75-0.88), and internal consistency (Cronbach's a: 0.45-0.73 and Cronbach's a if item deleted: 0.88-0.85) were satisfactory, thereby confirming the reliability of OHIP-P. Conclusion: The Persian version of OHIP-14 was found to be valid and reliable and appropriate to be used among native Persian speakers.