Characteristics of Side population cells existing in Periodontal ligament cells

Objectives: The various type of stem cells exist in the side population (SP) effused strongly Hoechst 33342 dye. The SP have been reported to be in the human periodontal ligament cells (HPDL). However, the characteristics of HPDL-SP have not been clarified. This study was carried out to clarify the characteristics of HPDL-SP compared to the non-SP reffering to as the main population (MP).

Methods: We analyzed HPDL-SP to have genetic characteristics by micro array, and have pluripotency by culture and immunochemistry. The research protocol was approved by the Human Subjects Committee at Showa University Dental School. All patients gave written consent to this study.

Results: In micro array's results, CD73, calmodulin and Adenosine receptor A2b were raised notably HPDL-SP than HPDL-MP, whereas PLAP-1, periostin and decorin were raised notably HPDL-MP than HPDL-SP. HPDL-SP and HPDL-MP were cultured in adipogenic, osteogenic and endothelial cell media for 2 weeks. Both HPDL-SP and HPDL-MP were differentiated into adipocyte and osteoblast. HPDL-SP were differentiated into endothelial cells. However, some HPDL-MP were differentiated only into endothelial cells.

Conclusion: HPDL-SP concentrate stem cells containing endotherial progenitor cells compared with HPDL-MP than HPDL-SP.