Detection of Periodontopathic Bacteria and their Co-relation with Periodontal Symptoms

Objectives:

Periodontopathic bacteria in the mouth are potential biological indexes for stage periodontal conditions. The aims of this study are to established a real-time PCR based detecting method to monitor microbial implicated in periodontal diseases and to correlate the result with conventional clinical indexes.

Methods:

13 subjects were recruited for this study. Gum conditions were examined clinically by doctors in attendance and the results ((Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and Pocket Depth (PD)) were recorded. After the examination, Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) samples (98) were collected with paper point and subjected to real-time PCR for levels of P. gingivalis (Pg), A. actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), T. denticola (Td), T. forsythensis (Tf), P. intermedia (Pi) respectively. The correlation of the real-time PCR generated results with three groups (group 1: BOP negative with shallow pocket (PD<4mm), n=12, group 2: BOP negative with deep pocket (PD>4mm), n=64, group 3: BOP positive with deep pocket, n=22) was analyzed. Statistical evaluation was conducted by using Steel-Dwass method.

Results:

Positive detection of Pg, Aa, Td, Tf, Pi were 70, 0, 71, 73, 52 respectively. Infection of the red complex (Pg, Td and Tf) was detected in 91 of the samples. The positive detection ratio of red complex, Td and Tf from the group 3 samples was significantly higher than that of the group 1 samples, respectively (p<0.05). The detection ratio of Td from the group 2 samples was significantly higher than that of the group 1 samples (p<0.05). The detection ratio of Tf from group 3 samples was significantly higher than that of the group 1 samples (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

A real-time PCR detecting system for GCF samples was established. The results indicated that co-infection of the red complex, infection of Td and infection of Tf are associated with advanced stages of periodontal disease respectively.