Association of coronary arteriography results with periodontal status

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that periodontal disease is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Coronary arteriography was thought to be an important predictor of CHD prognosis.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between the result of coronary arteriography and periodontal status.

Methods: Coronary arteriography was performed on 161 individuals with a mean age of 59.20 ± 5.82 yrs. The number of coronary vessels with stenosis was recorded. Persons with coronary vessel stenosis greater than 50% were diagnosed as having CHD (128 persons). Those with normal arteriography were the control group (33 persons). Based on the number of coronal vessels with stenosis, the persons with CHD were divided into 3 groups: the one-vessel group (group 1), the two-vessel group (group 2), and the three-vessel group (group 3). Periodontal status was also determined in all persons. The periodontal parameters included probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI), number of lost teeth, and percentage of sites with PD ³ 6 mm. The relationship between number of coronal vessels with stenosis and periodontal parameters was analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Results: Persons with CHD in all three groups showed higher PD, AL, BI, and percentage of sites with PD ³ 6 mm when compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). Group 3 showed greater PD, AL, and percentage of sites with PD ³ 6 mm than did groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.001). Group 2 had greater PD, BI, and percentage of sites with PD ³ 6 mm than did group 1 (P < 0.05). The number of coronal vessels with stenosis correlated significantly with PD, AL, BI, and percentage of sites with PD ³ 6 mm (P < 0.01). The correlation coefficients were 0.744, 0.510, 0.692, and 0.808, respectively.

Conclusion: It is suggested that the number of coronal vessels with stenosis identified by coronary arteriography is associated with the severity and extent of periodontal disease.