Endodontic Treatment using a new non Invasive Method: Sem Study

Objectives: purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new automated non invasive method for root canal treatment. This system was based on an enzymatic solution flowing inside pulp chambers and a root canals without needing classic endodontic instrumentation.

Methods: 60 freshly extracted human molar teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups to asses 4 programs, by differing (increasing) time and pressure in administrating 0.05%Trypsin-0.02% EDTA and 5%NaClO, and a 5th program using only saline buffer (negative control). After treatment teeth were prepared for observation under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The representative areas (pulp chamber; coronal, middle and apical root thirds) were evaluated with the following score: 0, all dentin tubules opened; 1, more than 50% dentin tubules opened; 2, less than 50% dentin tubules opened; 3, obliterated dentin tubules. Data were subjected to one way analysis of variance and Student-Neuman-Keuls test.

Results: SEM observations and score analysis showed significant changes in root cleaning ability in relation to the timing of administration of the tested substances. The best results were obtained using programs 3 and 4 (alternated cycles of Trypsin-EDTA and NaClO and increased pressure inside the tooth). Since the functionality of the tested equipment is based on substance circulation inside the pulp chamber and root canals, differences between input and output tooth pressure determine turbulence intenseness inside the tooth and consequently may affect solution contact with root canal tissues.

Conclusion: The tested equipment displays good results on teeth independently on root morphology, is easy to handle and more comfortable for patients. Further research will be aimed to identify different programs also for the treatment of anterior teeth. This fact will furnish to the dentist the possibility to select the more suitable program considering the feature of the tooth that needs to be treated