Histopathologic evaluation of an experimental GIC in subcutaneous connective tissue

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential irritative (level I) of a glass ionomer cement (GIC) experimental phase in rats' subcutaneous connective tissue, and the result of the combination of experimental powder with the liquid of the GICs available commercially. Methods: The rats (n = 60) were divided into 5 groups of 3 animals each, for the periods: 07, 15, 30 and 60 days. The materials and groups tested were: Vitrebond/3M-ESPE (G I), Ionomaster F / Wilcos (G II), Powder experimental + Liquid Vitrebond (G III), Powder experimental + Liquid Ionomaster F (G IV) and Powder experimental + Liquid experimental (GV). Powder and Liquid experimental were developed by the Chemistry Institute of Araraquara - UNESP / Brazil. The Vitrebond and Ionomaster F acted as controls and all were used as a vehicle in polyethylene tubes and implanted in the subcutaneous connective tissue. After the experimental periods, the tubes were removed and effectuated lab tests. Histologic cuts were evaluated under optical microscopic for descriptive analysis of the reaction status laboratory. For each event histopathologic was presented descriptive statistics for each group. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess significant difference among the materials, considering the experimental periods and the scores assigned to events microscopically. Additionally, multiple comparisons were made by Dunn test. Results: GICs showed reactions between discrete and no expressive, independent of the initial reactions. There was no statistically significant difference among materials. Conclusions: GIC experimental is biologically viable (in level I) because the levels of histopathological similar events were observed among groups. There is, however, need for further studies on the biocompatibility of these cements in other experimental models (II, III levels), where it necessarily includes the dentin-pulp complex.