Effect of calcium,vitamin D on implant in ovariectomized rats

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of calcium and vitamin D to the titanium implant osseointegration in the osteoporosis-inudced animal model.

Methods:32 rats, 10 weeks of age, were divided into two group: additional calcium and vitamin D supplementation group and a control group. Titanium screw implant(diameter, 2.0 mm; length, 3.5 mm; pitch-height 0.4 mm) were placed into tibia of 32 rats, 16 in the control group and 16 in the experimental group. The rats were sacrificed at different time interval(1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation) for histopathologic observation, histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemistry with fibronectin and collagen type I antibody.

Results: Histopathologically findings, newly formed bone was seen at 2 weeks and became lamellar bone at 4 weeks, and mature trabecullar bone was seen at 8 weeks experimental group. In control group, thickness of regenerated bone increased till 4 weeks gradually and trabecullar bone was seen at 8 weeks. By histomorphometric analysis, marrow bone density increased significantly in experimental group compared to control group. Fibronectin immunoreactivity was strong at 2 weeks experimental group and reduced after 4 weeks gradually. But it was continuously moderate from 2 to 8 weeks in control group. Collagen type I immunoreactivity was very strong in newly formed osteoblasts from 2 to 4 week in experimental group. And the amount of Collagen type I expression was more abundant in experimental group.

Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that calcium and vitamin D supplementation promote bone healing around titanium implants in osteoporotic patients.