Temporomandibular Disorders and Risk Indicators in a Young Population

The Objective: of this study was to evaluate the risk indicators for Muscular Diagnoses of Temporomandibular Disorders. Methods: Through a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical (etiological) design. A random sample of 1574 students of ¨Colegio de Bachilleres¨ in the State of Campeche México was evaluated. The 66 % were woman, the average age was 16.6 ± 1.36 with a range between 14 and 20 years. Inclusion criteria were the presence of at least two anterior superior or inferior teeth or replacement prosthesis. Persons suffering from rheumatic arthritis, accidents of facial massive, maxillary surgery or surgery on the third molars were excluded. Muscular Diagnoses of Temporomandibular Disorders was evaluated with Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for TMD LeResche et al 1992. The clinical examinations were carried out by four standardized examiners (Intraexaminer and Interexaminer Unweighted kappa= 0.82, Weighted kappa= 0.89, respectively), in the clinical, with daylight and a tongue depressor. Previously the indicators that have been used were registrated: socio demographic variables: age and sex; clinical indicators: bruxism, occlusal interference, malocclusion, missing posterior teeth, overbite, overjet, Stress and anxiety. Results: The prevalence of Muscular Diagnoses was 7 %. To elaborate and etiologic model, it was used an analysis of logistic regression. The results of model and the coefficients of the final equation were: Muscular Diagnoses = .0165 (Misssing Posterior Teeth * Stress) + .790 (Missing Posterior Teeth) + .0363 (Stress) + 0.833 (Bruxism) + 1.8124 (Sex). Conclusion: An interaction was found between Missing Posterior Teeth and Stress; so we can conclude. That the effect of the missing of posterior teeth over the Muscular Diagnoses the Temporomandibular Disorders depends on the levels stress adjusting by Bruxism and Sex.