Survey of Laser & APF on Reducing of Enamel Demineralization

Objectives:The aim of this research is To determine the effects of Er,Cr;YSGG laser on reducing the enamel demineralization of tooth and compare with the effect of using only fluoride, as well as making comparable evaluation of mixed treatment method with the aforementioned two methods.

Methods:17 sound extracted permanent premolar teeth were used to carry out the research. All the teeth were individually cut into five sections. The outer layers of the specimen were coated with a special covering except window equal to 2×2 mm.Then the specimens were randomly clustered in to five groups, named as: (a) control; (b) laser; (c) fluoride; (d) fluoride & laser; (e) laser& fluoride. Upon preparing the specimen, and intervention, they have been placed in acetic buffer (PH= 4.8) for 10 days. The calcium released from each specimen bottle was assessed via atomic absorption spectrometry. SPSS 14 statistical software was used for data processing and analytical evaluation. The tests carried out are as follows: (a) Kolmogrov- Smimov, (b) variance analysis, (c) Tukeys.

Results: The value of Calcium was 11.0 ± 0.2 for laser group and 11.0 ± 0.4 for fluoride group (P=1.00). Laser & fluoride and fluoride & laser were released 10.3± 0.4 and 10.6 ± 0.3 ppm, respectively. No significant differences were observed for these values. The amount of released calcium in the control group was 12.1± 0.4 ppm, which showed to be higher than the other groups (P<0.001).

Conclusions: The mixed treatment method applying a combination of both laser with fluoride gel has proved to be more effective than the alternative option, which solely requires using either laser or fluoride gel individually,on reducing enamel demineralization of tooth. But the mixed treatment process observed no significant differences on the order of applying a combination of either materials(i.e. first laser than fluoride gel or vice versa).