Changes in Color, Translucency and Gloss of Aged Resin Composites

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on color, translucency parameter (TP) and gloss of resin composites. Methods: The effect of accelerating aging (150 kJ/m²) on color, translucency parameter (TP) and gloss of composite specimens (D=10 mm, 2-mm thick, n=5 per shade) was analyzed for A1, A2 and A3 shades of the following composites: Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (M); Filtek Supreme Plus (F); and Artiste Nano Composite (A). Specimens were polished for 40s using PoGo one-step polishers. Color and TP were recorded using a spectrophotometer; gloss (GU) was determined using small-area glossmeter. A deltaE*=2.7 was set as the color acceptability threshold. Means and standard deviations were determined and data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Fisher's PLSD intervals at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: Color difference (deltaE*) between baseline and after aging, translucency parameter at baseline (TP_B) and after aging (TP_A), and gloss retention in percentages (GR%), are listed in the Table.

Composite/Shade	deltaE*	TPB	TPA	GR%
A/A1	2.7(0.4)	5.3(0.5)	4.8(0.6)	86.8
A/A2	4.8(0.5)	5.1(0.5)	4.7(0.5)	97.8
A/A3	6.5(0.9)	3.8(0.5)	3.3(0.5)	93.8
F/A1	1.4(0.3)	5.2(0.5)	4.8(0.7)	93.7
F/A2	1.4(0.2)	6.0(0.5)	5.6(0.7)	96.1
F/A3	0.7(0.3)	5.4(0.5)	5.2(0.3)	96.2
M/A1	1.5(0.4)	6.1(0.5)	5.7(0.5)	78.9
M/A2	1.6(0.5)	5.9(0.5)	5.6(0.7)	86.6
M/A3	2.0(1.0)	6.1(0.5)	5.9(0.9)	87.6

ANOVA showed significant differences among composites, shades, and their interactions (p<0.0001). Fisher's PLSD interval (p<0.05) for comparisons of deltaE* values was 0.41. Fisher's PLSD intervals for TP at baseline and after aging and gloss at baseline and after aging were 0.53, 0.47, 3.3 and 3.9, respectively. Conclusions: Composites F and M exhibited color stability below the acceptability threshold. Composite M was the most translucent. Translucency of the tested composites decreased after aging. Gloss retention was highest with composite F. Supported in part by Kuraray America.